Time-dependent p–i–n structure and emission zone in sandwich-type light-emitting electrochemical cells

Jenatsch, Sandra; Regnat, Markus; Hany, Roland; Diethelm, Matthias; Nüesch, Frank; Ruhstaller, Beat

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00047

Publication type:	Article in scientific journal
Type of review:	Not specified
Title:	Time-dependent p–i–n structure and emission zone in sandwich-type light-emitting electrochemical cells
Authors:	Jenatsch, Sandra Regnat, Markus Hany, Roland Diethelm, Matthias Nüesch, Frank Ruhstaller, Beat
DOI:	10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00047
Published in:	ACS Photonics
Volume(Issue):	5
Issue:	4
Page(s):	1591
Pages to:	1598
Issue Date:	2018
Publisher / Ed. Institution:	American Chemical Society
ISSN:	2330-4022
Language:	English
Subject (DDC):	530: Physics
Abstract:	Light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) are one of the simplest electroluminescent devices and consist of a single emissive organic/salt layer sandwiched between two electrodes. The unique attribute of an operated LEC is the development of a p-doped/intrinsic/n-doped (p–i–n) structure in the active layer in which the doped regions allow for facile transport of electronic charges to the intrinsic region, where charge recombination and light emission occur. However, due to the complex and simultaneous motion of ionic and electronic charges, the examination of the p–i–n structure and the zone where the light is emitted (EZ) is challenging during operation. By analyzing incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency and angular emission measurements with optical simulations, and correlating the results with capacitance measurements, we are able to obtain a clear picture of the p–i–n situation and the EZ within the active layer of a sandwich-type LEC during operation. It is found that the p-doped zone grows to the center of the active layer while the EZ stays closer to the metal electrode and is unchanged over time. Furthermore, optical simulations reveal that the determined EZ limits the external quantum efficiency of the LEC by outcoupling efficiencies of less than 10%.
URI:	https://digitalcollection.zhaw.ch/handle/11475/16129
Fulltext version:	Published version
License (according to publishing contract):	Licence according to publishing contract
Departement:	School of Engineering
Organisational Unit:	Institute of Computational Physics (ICP)
Appears in collections:	Publikationen School of Engineering

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Jenatsch, S., Regnat, M., Hany, R., Diethelm, M., Nüesch, F., & Ruhstaller, B. (2018). Time-dependent p–i–n structure and emission zone in sandwich-type light-emitting electrochemical cells. ACS Photonics, 5(4), 1591–1598. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00047

Jenatsch, S. et al. (2018) ‘Time-dependent p–i–n structure and emission zone in sandwich-type light-emitting electrochemical cells’, ACS Photonics, 5(4), pp. 1591–1598. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00047.

S. Jenatsch, M. Regnat, R. Hany, M. Diethelm, F. Nüesch, and B. Ruhstaller, “Time-dependent p–i–n structure and emission zone in sandwich-type light-emitting electrochemical cells,” ACS Photonics, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1591–1598, 2018, doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00047.

JENATSCH, Sandra, Markus REGNAT, Roland HANY, Matthias DIETHELM, Frank NÜESCH und Beat RUHSTALLER, 2018. Time-dependent p–i–n structure and emission zone in sandwich-type light-emitting electrochemical cells. ACS Photonics. 2018. Bd. 5, Nr. 4, S. 1591–1598. DOI 10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00047

Jenatsch, Sandra, Markus Regnat, Roland Hany, Matthias Diethelm, Frank Nüesch, and Beat Ruhstaller. 2018. “Time-Dependent P–I–N Structure and Emission Zone in Sandwich-Type Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells.” ACS Photonics 5 (4): 1591–98. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00047.

Jenatsch, Sandra, et al. “Time-Dependent P–I–N Structure and Emission Zone in Sandwich-Type Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells.” ACS Photonics, vol. 5, no. 4, 2018, pp. 1591–98, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00047.