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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-29511
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dc.contributor.authorChung, Jae Wook-
dc.contributor.authorGerner, Gabriel-
dc.contributor.authorOvsyannikova, Ekaterina-
dc.contributor.authorTreichler, Alexander-
dc.contributor.authorBaier, Urs-
dc.contributor.authorLibra, Judy-
dc.contributor.authorKrebs, Rolf-
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-04T15:02:45Z-
dc.date.available2024-01-04T15:02:45Z-
dc.date.issued2022-06-10-
dc.identifier.issn2732-5121de_CH
dc.identifier.urihttps://digitalcollection.zhaw.ch/handle/11475/29511-
dc.description.abstractBackground: The provision of safe sanitation services is essential for human well-being and environmental integrity, but it is often lacking in less developed communities with insufficient financial and technical resources. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been suggested as an alternative sanitation technology, producing value-added products from faecal waste. We evaluated the HTC technology for raw human waste treatment in terms of resource recovery. In addition, we constructed and tested a low-cost HTC reactor for its technical feasibility. Methods: Raw human faeces were hydrothermally treated in a mild severity range (≤ 200 °C and ≤ 1 hr). The total energy recovery was analysed from the energy input, higher heating value (HHV) of hydrochar and biomethane potential of process water. The nutrient contents were recovered through struvite precipitation employing process water and acid leachate from hydrochar ash. A bench-scale low-cost reactor (BLR) was developed using widely available materials and tested for human faeces treatment. Results: The hydrochar had HHVs (23.2 - 25.2 MJ/kg) comparable to bituminous coal. The calorific value of hydrochar accounted for more than 90% of the total energy recovery. Around 78% of phosphorus in feedstock was retained in hydrochar ash, while 15% was in process water. 72% of the initial phosphorus can be recovered as struvite when deficient Mg and NH 4 are supplemented. The experiments with BLR showed stable operation for faecal waste treatment with an energy efficiency comparable to a commercial reactor system. Conclusions: This research presents a proof of concept for the hydrothermal treatment of faecal waste as an alternative sanitation technology, by providing a quantitative evaluation of the resource recovery of energy and nutrients. The experiments with the BLR demonstrate the technical feasibility of the low-cost reactor and support its further development on a larger scale to reach practical implementation.de_CH
dc.language.isoende_CH
dc.publisherF1000de_CH
dc.relation.ispartofOpen Research Europede_CH
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/de_CH
dc.subjectEnergyde_CH
dc.subjectFaecal sludgede_CH
dc.subjectFertilizerde_CH
dc.subjectHydrothermal carbonizationde_CH
dc.subjectNutrientde_CH
dc.subjectResource recoveryde_CH
dc.subjectSanitationde_CH
dc.subjectStruvitede_CH
dc.subject.ddc620: Ingenieurwesende_CH
dc.titleHydrothermal carbonization as an alternative sanitation technology : process optimization and development of low-cost reactorde_CH
dc.typeBeitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschriftde_CH
dcterms.typeTextde_CH
zhaw.departementLife Sciences und Facility Managementde_CH
zhaw.organisationalunitInstitut für Chemie und Biotechnologie (ICBT)de_CH
zhaw.organisationalunitInstitut für Umwelt und Natürliche Ressourcen (IUNR)de_CH
dc.identifier.doi10.12688/openreseurope.14306.2de_CH
dc.identifier.doi10.21256/zhaw-29511-
dc.identifier.pmid37645161de_CH
zhaw.funding.euNot specifiedde_CH
zhaw.issue139de_CH
zhaw.originated.zhawYesde_CH
zhaw.publication.statuspublishedVersionde_CH
zhaw.volume1de_CH
zhaw.publication.reviewOpen peer reviewde_CH
zhaw.webfeedUmweltbiotechnologie und Bioenergiede_CH
zhaw.author.additionalNode_CH
zhaw.display.portraitYesde_CH
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Chung, J. W., Gerner, G., Ovsyannikova, E., Treichler, A., Baier, U., Libra, J., & Krebs, R. (2022). Hydrothermal carbonization as an alternative sanitation technology : process optimization and development of low-cost reactor. Open Research Europe, 1(139). https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14306.2
Chung, J.W. et al. (2022) ‘Hydrothermal carbonization as an alternative sanitation technology : process optimization and development of low-cost reactor’, Open Research Europe, 1(139). Available at: https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14306.2.
J. W. Chung et al., “Hydrothermal carbonization as an alternative sanitation technology : process optimization and development of low-cost reactor,” Open Research Europe, vol. 1, no. 139, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.12688/openreseurope.14306.2.
CHUNG, Jae Wook, Gabriel GERNER, Ekaterina OVSYANNIKOVA, Alexander TREICHLER, Urs BAIER, Judy LIBRA und Rolf KREBS, 2022. Hydrothermal carbonization as an alternative sanitation technology : process optimization and development of low-cost reactor. Open Research Europe. 10 Juni 2022. Bd. 1, Nr. 139. DOI 10.12688/openreseurope.14306.2
Chung, Jae Wook, Gabriel Gerner, Ekaterina Ovsyannikova, Alexander Treichler, Urs Baier, Judy Libra, and Rolf Krebs. 2022. “Hydrothermal Carbonization as an Alternative Sanitation Technology : Process Optimization and Development of Low-Cost Reactor.” Open Research Europe 1 (139). https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14306.2.
Chung, Jae Wook, et al. “Hydrothermal Carbonization as an Alternative Sanitation Technology : Process Optimization and Development of Low-Cost Reactor.” Open Research Europe, vol. 1, no. 139, June 2022, https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14306.2.


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