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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-28943
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dc.contributor.authorAndriessen, Nienke-
dc.contributor.authorAppiah-Effah, Eugene-
dc.contributor.authorBrowne, Shirley Josephine Iyamide-
dc.contributor.authoral Jahjah, Rita-
dc.contributor.authorKabika, Joel-
dc.contributor.authorKinobe, Joel Robert-
dc.contributor.authorKorir, Naomi-
dc.contributor.authorNishimwe, Pius-
dc.contributor.authorNiwagaba, Charles Buregeya-
dc.contributor.authorPradeep, Rohini-
dc.contributor.authorPrasad, Prerna-
dc.contributor.authorTembo, James Madalitso-
dc.contributor.authorWilliam, Andruga-
dc.contributor.authorAmbühl, Benjamin-
dc.contributor.authorStrande, Linda-
dc.date.accessioned2023-10-21T13:35:25Z-
dc.date.available2023-10-21T13:35:25Z-
dc.date.issued2023-
dc.identifier.issn2624-9375de_CH
dc.identifier.urihttps://digitalcollection.zhaw.ch/handle/11475/28943-
dc.description.abstractReasonable estimates for quantities and qualities (Q&Q) of fecal sludge that accumulate in onsite sanitation containments are fundamental for the design of appropriate management and treatment solutions, from community to city-scale. There are increasing attempts to improve Q&Q estimates, but current approaches are still at a conceptual level, and are not yet standardized with confirmed statistical relationships. To reach this level, we will need consistent approaches for planning, measuring, and global collaborations. Hence, the objectives of this study were: (1) to assess and compare Q&Q of fecal sludge from seven cities and communities, and explore statistical relationships that could be used to increase accuracy of Q&Q estimations; (2) to test and launch the Volaser device for measuring in situ volumes of fecal sludge; and (3) to capture lessons learned from field implementation with collaborators in seven countries during a global pandemic when no international travel was possible. The study took place in Ghana, India, Lebanon, Kenya, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and Zambia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Q&Qs were measured in 204 containments with a Volaser, laboratory analysis, and questionnaire. Results indicate that there are differences in Total Solids (TS) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in fecal sludge based on containment type, toilet type, source, and whether there is a water connection on the premises. Based on the results of this study, together with previously published open-source data, an empirical relationship for Volatile Solids (VS) and TS of 0.49 (R2 = 0.88) was established using 1,206 data points. For COD/TS, no significant relationship was observed. Developing such empirical relationships will be useful for planning and modeling approaches. An external evaluation was conducted to evaluate overall project management, Volaser technology transfer, and effects of collaborating during the COVID-19 pandemic. Success factors for collaborating with new and existing partners without face-to-face meetings included laboratory capacity and experience with analytical methods, study objectives that were relevant for the partner and locality, and a strong quality assurance plan to ensure comparability of results. The lessons learned can be taken forward as ways to reduce carbon footprint, and contribute to resilient, inclusive development research projects.de_CH
dc.language.isoende_CH
dc.publisherFrontiers Research Foundationde_CH
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Waterde_CH
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/de_CH
dc.subjectAccumulation ratede_CH
dc.subjectCharacteristicsde_CH
dc.subjectStatistical relationde_CH
dc.subjectStandardized approachde_CH
dc.subjectDistance sensorde_CH
dc.subjectFecal sludgede_CH
dc.subject.ddc363: Umwelt- und Sicherheitsproblemede_CH
dc.titleQuantities and qualities of fecal sludge : experiences from field implementation with a Volaser in 7 countries during a pandemicde_CH
dc.typeBeitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschriftde_CH
dcterms.typeTextde_CH
zhaw.departementSchool of Management and Lawde_CH
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/frwa.2023.1130081de_CH
dc.identifier.doi10.21256/zhaw-28943-
zhaw.funding.euNode_CH
zhaw.issue1130081de_CH
zhaw.originated.zhawNode_CH
zhaw.publication.statuspublishedVersionde_CH
zhaw.volume5de_CH
zhaw.publication.reviewPeer review (Publikation)de_CH
zhaw.author.additionalNode_CH
zhaw.display.portraitYesde_CH
zhaw.relation.referenceshttps://doi.org/10.25678/0007KNde_CH
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Andriessen, N., Appiah-Effah, E., Browne, S. J. I., al Jahjah, R., Kabika, J., Kinobe, J. R., Korir, N., Nishimwe, P., Niwagaba, C. B., Pradeep, R., Prasad, P., Tembo, J. M., William, A., Ambühl, B., & Strande, L. (2023). Quantities and qualities of fecal sludge : experiences from field implementation with a Volaser in 7 countries during a pandemic. Frontiers in Water, 5(1130081). https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1130081
Andriessen, N. et al. (2023) ‘Quantities and qualities of fecal sludge : experiences from field implementation with a Volaser in 7 countries during a pandemic’, Frontiers in Water, 5(1130081). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1130081.
N. Andriessen et al., “Quantities and qualities of fecal sludge : experiences from field implementation with a Volaser in 7 countries during a pandemic,” Frontiers in Water, vol. 5, no. 1130081, 2023, doi: 10.3389/frwa.2023.1130081.
ANDRIESSEN, Nienke, Eugene APPIAH-EFFAH, Shirley Josephine Iyamide BROWNE, Rita AL JAHJAH, Joel KABIKA, Joel Robert KINOBE, Naomi KORIR, Pius NISHIMWE, Charles Buregeya NIWAGABA, Rohini PRADEEP, Prerna PRASAD, James Madalitso TEMBO, Andruga WILLIAM, Benjamin AMBÜHL und Linda STRANDE, 2023. Quantities and qualities of fecal sludge : experiences from field implementation with a Volaser in 7 countries during a pandemic. Frontiers in Water. 2023. Bd. 5, Nr. 1130081. DOI 10.3389/frwa.2023.1130081
Andriessen, Nienke, Eugene Appiah-Effah, Shirley Josephine Iyamide Browne, Rita al Jahjah, Joel Kabika, Joel Robert Kinobe, Naomi Korir, et al. 2023. “Quantities and Qualities of Fecal Sludge : Experiences from Field Implementation with a Volaser in 7 Countries during a Pandemic.” Frontiers in Water 5 (1130081). https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1130081.
Andriessen, Nienke, et al. “Quantities and Qualities of Fecal Sludge : Experiences from Field Implementation with a Volaser in 7 Countries during a Pandemic.” Frontiers in Water, vol. 5, no. 1130081, 2023, https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1130081.


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